Separation of Air into Its Components

 

Separation of Air into Its Components

Process of Obtaining Different Gases from the Air

Air is a homogeneous mixture and can be separated into its components by fractional distillation.

Mixtures are substances made up of two or more different kinds of material. Homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures are the two types of mixtures. There is no particle level homogeneity and the components in a heterogeneous mixture are not dispersed uniformly. As a result, we may simply divide a heterogeneous mixture into its various components.

A few popular separation methods for the heterogeneous mixture include sieving, filtration, hand-picking, etc. We must employ specialised separation procedures when dealing with homogeneous mixtures, as well as occasionally heterogeneous mixtures. Special separation techniques include evaporation, centrifugation, chromatography, sublimation, separating funnels, etc.

Fractional distillation

Crystallization

• Crystallisation is a separation technique in which solids are separated from a solution.
• In this technique, the solvent molecules start evaporating, leaving behind the solutes when the solution is heated in an open container.

Crystallisation is better than evaporation because during Evaporation. Some solids decompose or some, like sugar, may get charred on heating to dryness. Some impurities may remain dissolved in the solution even after filtration which on evaporation contaminates the solid.

Separation of substances by crystallization technique

Water Purification

Applications of Crystallisation

Purification of seawater, separation of alum crystals from impure samples etc.