Taxonomic Classification Of Plants
Taxonomy is a system for classifying plants based on their genetic and evolutionary relationship. Plant Taxonomy is a branch of science that continues to change as new species are being found almost every day.
Plants are classified into a separate kingdom called the Kingdom Plantae. This current system of classification of plants is based on the evolutionary relationship amid other plants.
Coniferophyta (Gymnosperms)
It is a group of plants which is primarily evergreen and are native to the temperate zone. There are about 700 species discovered to date. They are vascular, non-flowering plants which produce seeds without the production of flower and fruits. Some common examples of gymnosperm include pines, cycads, cedars, etc.
Anthophyta (Angiosperms)
They can grow into big trees as well as small shrubs, bushes and herbs. The angiosperms are distributed all over the world (>250,000 species). Most of the plants that we see around us are grouped under this division.
Angiosperms are characterised by the seeds that are fully enclosed in fruits. They are subdivided into- Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous. Some common examples of angiosperms include mango trees, roses, jasmine, marry gold, etc.
Monocotyledons
Monocotyledonous plants are commonly referred to as monocot plants. They are flowering plants with seed containing one cotyledon. The venation pattern of their leaves is parallel-veined. Some common examples of monocot plants are rice, corn, sugarcane, tulips, onion, etc. There are around 50,000 species of monocotyledonous plants discovered to date.
Dicotyledons
Dicotyledonous plants are commonly referred to as dicot plants. They are flowering plants, mostly grown as herbs, shrubs, and trees with the seed containing two cotyledons. The venation pattern of their leaves radiates from a central main vein. Some common examples are figs, eucalyptus, potato, tomato, hibiscus, etc. There are around 200,000 species of dicotyledonous or dicots plants.
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